docs/tr/skills/postgres-patterns/SKILL.md
Sorgu optimizasyonu, şema tasarımı, indeksleme ve güvenlik için PostgreSQL veritabanı kalıpları. Supabase en iyi uygulamalarına dayanır.
npx skillsauth add affaan-m/everything-claude-code postgres-patternsInstall this skill globally with one command. Works with Claude Code, Cursor, and Windsurf.
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PostgreSQL en iyi uygulamaları için hızlı referans. Detaylı kılavuz için database-reviewer agent'ını kullanın.
| Sorgu Kalıbı | İndeks Tipi | Örnek |
|--------------|------------|---------|
| WHERE col = value | B-tree (varsayılan) | CREATE INDEX idx ON t (col) |
| WHERE col > value | B-tree | CREATE INDEX idx ON t (col) |
| WHERE a = x AND b > y | Composite | CREATE INDEX idx ON t (a, b) |
| WHERE jsonb @> '{}' | GIN | CREATE INDEX idx ON t USING gin (col) |
| WHERE tsv @@ query | GIN | CREATE INDEX idx ON t USING gin (col) |
| Zaman serisi aralıkları | BRIN | CREATE INDEX idx ON t USING brin (col) |
| Kullanım Senaryosu | Doğru Tip | Kaçın |
|----------|-------------|-------|
| ID'ler | bigint | int, rastgele UUID |
| String'ler | text | varchar(255) |
| Timestamp'ler | timestamptz | timestamp |
| Para | numeric(10,2) | float |
| Flag'ler | boolean | varchar, int |
Composite İndeks Sırası:
-- Önce eşitlik sütunları, sonra aralık sütunları
CREATE INDEX idx ON orders (status, created_at);
-- Şunlar için çalışır: WHERE status = 'pending' AND created_at > '2024-01-01'
Covering İndeks:
CREATE INDEX idx ON users (email) INCLUDE (name, created_at);
-- SELECT email, name, created_at için tablo aramasını önler
Partial İndeks:
CREATE INDEX idx ON users (email) WHERE deleted_at IS NULL;
-- Daha küçük indeks, sadece aktif kullanıcıları içerir
RLS Policy (Optimize Edilmiş):
CREATE POLICY policy ON orders
USING ((SELECT auth.uid()) = user_id); -- SELECT'e sar!
UPSERT:
INSERT INTO settings (user_id, key, value)
VALUES (123, 'theme', 'dark')
ON CONFLICT (user_id, key)
DO UPDATE SET value = EXCLUDED.value;
Cursor Sayfalama:
SELECT * FROM products WHERE id > $last_id ORDER BY id LIMIT 20;
-- O(1) vs O(n) olan OFFSET
Kuyruk İşleme:
UPDATE jobs SET status = 'processing'
WHERE id = (
SELECT id FROM jobs WHERE status = 'pending'
ORDER BY created_at LIMIT 1
FOR UPDATE SKIP LOCKED
) RETURNING *;
-- İndekslenmemiş foreign key'leri bul
SELECT conrelid::regclass, a.attname
FROM pg_constraint c
JOIN pg_attribute a ON a.attrelid = c.conrelid AND a.attnum = ANY(c.conkey)
WHERE c.contype = 'f'
AND NOT EXISTS (
SELECT 1 FROM pg_index i
WHERE i.indrelid = c.conrelid AND a.attnum = ANY(i.indkey)
);
-- Yavaş sorguları bul
SELECT query, mean_exec_time, calls
FROM pg_stat_statements
WHERE mean_exec_time > 100
ORDER BY mean_exec_time DESC;
-- Tablo bloat'ını kontrol et
SELECT relname, n_dead_tup, last_vacuum
FROM pg_stat_user_tables
WHERE n_dead_tup > 1000
ORDER BY n_dead_tup DESC;
-- Bağlantı limitleri (RAM için ayarla)
ALTER SYSTEM SET max_connections = 100;
ALTER SYSTEM SET work_mem = '8MB';
-- Timeout'lar
ALTER SYSTEM SET idle_in_transaction_session_timeout = '30s';
ALTER SYSTEM SET statement_timeout = '30s';
-- İzleme
CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS pg_stat_statements;
-- Güvenlik varsayılanları
REVOKE ALL ON SCHEMA public FROM public;
SELECT pg_reload_conf();
database-reviewer - Tam veritabanı inceleme iş akışıclickhouse-io - ClickHouse analytics kalıplarıbackend-patterns - API ve backend kalıplarıSupabase Agent Skills'e dayanır (kredi: Supabase ekibi) (MIT License)
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