docs/zh-CN/skills/laravel-security/SKILL.md
Laravel 安全最佳实践,涵盖认证/授权、验证、CSRF、批量赋值、文件上传、密钥管理、速率限制和安全部署。
npx skillsauth add affaan-m/everything-claude-code laravel-securityInstall this skill globally with one command. Works with Claude Code, Cursor, and Windsurf.
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针对 Laravel 应用程序的全面安全指导,以防范常见漏洞。
VerifyCsrfToken 实现 CSRF,通过 SecurityHeaders 实现安全标头)。auth:sanctum、$this->authorize、策略中间件)。UploadInvoiceRequest)。RateLimiter::for('login'))。URL::temporarySignedRoute + signed 中间件)。APP_DEBUG=falseAPP_KEY 必须设置,并在泄露时轮换SESSION_SECURE_COOKIE=true 和 SESSION_SAME_SITE=lax(对于敏感应用,使用 strict)SESSION_HTTP_ONLY=true 以防止 JavaScript 访问SESSION_SAME_SITE=strict路由保护示例:
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Route;
Route::middleware('auth:sanctum')->get('/me', function (Request $request) {
return $request->user();
});
Hash::make() 哈希密码,切勿存储明文use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Hash;
use Illuminate\Validation\Rules\Password;
$validated = $request->validate([
'password' => ['required', 'string', Password::min(12)->letters()->mixedCase()->numbers()->symbols()],
]);
$user->update(['password' => Hash::make($validated['password'])]);
$this->authorize('update', $project);
使用策略中间件进行路由级强制执行:
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Route;
Route::put('/projects/{project}', [ProjectController::class, 'update'])
->middleware(['auth:sanctum', 'can:update,project']);
$fillable 或 $guarded,避免使用 Model::unguard()DB::select('select * from users where email = ?', [$email]);
{{ }}){!! !!}VerifyCsrfToken 中间件启用@csrf,并为 SPA 请求发送 XSRF 令牌对于使用 Sanctum 的 SPA 身份验证,确保配置了有状态请求:
// config/sanctum.php
'stateful' => explode(',', env('SANCTUM_STATEFUL_DOMAINS', 'localhost')),
final class UploadInvoiceRequest extends FormRequest
{
public function authorize(): bool
{
return (bool) $this->user()?->can('upload-invoice');
}
public function rules(): array
{
return [
'invoice' => ['required', 'file', 'mimes:pdf', 'max:5120'],
];
}
}
$path = $request->file('invoice')->store(
'invoices',
config('filesystems.private_disk', 'local') // set this to a non-public disk
);
throttle 中间件use Illuminate\Cache\RateLimiting\Limit;
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\RateLimiter;
RateLimiter::for('login', function (Request $request) {
return [
Limit::perMinute(5)->by($request->ip()),
Limit::perMinute(5)->by(strtolower((string) $request->input('email'))),
];
});
对静态的敏感列使用加密转换。
protected $casts = [
'api_token' => 'encrypted',
];
设置标头的中间件示例:
use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response;
final class SecurityHeaders
{
public function handle(Request $request, \Closure $next): Response
{
$response = $next($request);
$response->headers->add([
'Content-Security-Policy' => "default-src 'self'",
'Strict-Transport-Security' => 'max-age=31536000', // add includeSubDomains/preload only when all subdomains are HTTPS
'X-Frame-Options' => 'DENY',
'X-Content-Type-Options' => 'nosniff',
'Referrer-Policy' => 'no-referrer',
]);
return $response;
}
}
config/cors.php 中限制来源// config/cors.php
return [
'paths' => ['api/*', 'sanctum/csrf-cookie'],
'allowed_methods' => ['GET', 'POST', 'PUT', 'PATCH', 'DELETE'],
'allowed_origins' => ['https://app.example.com'],
'allowed_headers' => [
'Content-Type',
'Authorization',
'X-Requested-With',
'X-XSRF-TOKEN',
'X-CSRF-TOKEN',
],
'supports_credentials' => true,
];
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Log;
Log::info('User updated profile', [
'user_id' => $user->id,
'email' => '[REDACTED]',
'token' => '[REDACTED]',
]);
composer audit使用签名路由生成临时的、防篡改的链接。
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\URL;
$url = URL::temporarySignedRoute(
'downloads.invoice',
now()->addMinutes(15),
['invoice' => $invoice->id]
);
use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Route;
Route::get('/invoices/{invoice}/download', [InvoiceController::class, 'download'])
->name('downloads.invoice')
->middleware('signed');
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