docs/tr/skills/kotlin-testing/SKILL.md
Kotest, MockK, coroutine testi, property-based testing ve Kover coverage ile Kotlin test kalıpları. İdiomatic Kotlin uygulamalarıyla TDD metodolojisini takip eder.
npx skillsauth add affaan-m/everything-claude-code kotlin-testingInstall this skill globally with one command. Works with Claude Code, Cursor, and Windsurf.
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Kotest ve MockK ile TDD metodolojisini takip ederek güvenilir, sürdürülebilir testler yazmak için kapsamlı Kotlin test kalıpları.
./gradlew koverHtmlReport çalıştır ve %80+ coverage'ı doğrulaRED -> Önce başarısız bir test yaz
GREEN -> Testi geçmek için minimal kod yaz
REFACTOR -> Testleri yeşil tutarken kodu iyileştir
REPEAT -> Sonraki gereksinimle devam et
// Adım 1: Interface/signature tanımla
// EmailValidator.kt
package com.example.validator
fun validateEmail(email: String): Result<String> {
TODO("not implemented")
}
// Adım 2: Başarısız test yaz (RED)
// EmailValidatorTest.kt
package com.example.validator
import io.kotest.core.spec.style.StringSpec
import io.kotest.matchers.result.shouldBeFailure
import io.kotest.matchers.result.shouldBeSuccess
class EmailValidatorTest : StringSpec({
"valid email returns success" {
validateEmail("[email protected]").shouldBeSuccess("[email protected]")
}
"empty email returns failure" {
validateEmail("").shouldBeFailure()
}
"email without @ returns failure" {
validateEmail("userexample.com").shouldBeFailure()
}
})
// Adım 3: Testleri çalıştır - FAIL doğrula
// $ ./gradlew test
// EmailValidatorTest > valid email returns success FAILED
// kotlin.NotImplementedError: An operation is not implemented
// Adım 4: Minimal kodu uygula (GREEN)
fun validateEmail(email: String): Result<String> {
if (email.isBlank()) return Result.failure(IllegalArgumentException("Email cannot be blank"))
if ('@' !in email) return Result.failure(IllegalArgumentException("Email must contain @"))
val regex = Regex("^[A-Za-z0-9._%+-]+@[A-Za-z0-9.-]+\\.[A-Za-z]{2,}$")
if (!regex.matches(email)) return Result.failure(IllegalArgumentException("Invalid email format"))
return Result.success(email)
}
// Adım 5: Testleri çalıştır - PASS doğrula
// $ ./gradlew test
// EmailValidatorTest > valid email returns success PASSED
// EmailValidatorTest > empty email returns failure PASSED
// EmailValidatorTest > email without @ returns failure PASSED
// Adım 6: Gerekirse refactor et, testlerin hala geçtiğini doğrula
class CalculatorTest : StringSpec({
"add two positive numbers" {
Calculator.add(2, 3) shouldBe 5
}
"add negative numbers" {
Calculator.add(-1, -2) shouldBe -3
}
"add zero" {
Calculator.add(0, 5) shouldBe 5
}
})
class UserServiceTest : FunSpec({
val repository = mockk<UserRepository>()
val service = UserService(repository)
test("getUser returns user when found") {
val expected = User(id = "1", name = "Alice")
coEvery { repository.findById("1") } returns expected
val result = service.getUser("1")
result shouldBe expected
}
test("getUser throws when not found") {
coEvery { repository.findById("999") } returns null
shouldThrow<UserNotFoundException> {
service.getUser("999")
}
}
})
class OrderServiceTest : BehaviorSpec({
val repository = mockk<OrderRepository>()
val paymentService = mockk<PaymentService>()
val service = OrderService(repository, paymentService)
Given("a valid order request") {
val request = CreateOrderRequest(
userId = "user-1",
items = listOf(OrderItem("product-1", quantity = 2)),
)
When("the order is placed") {
coEvery { paymentService.charge(any()) } returns PaymentResult.Success
coEvery { repository.save(any()) } answers { firstArg() }
val result = service.placeOrder(request)
Then("it should return a confirmed order") {
result.status shouldBe OrderStatus.CONFIRMED
}
Then("it should charge payment") {
coVerify(exactly = 1) { paymentService.charge(any()) }
}
}
When("payment fails") {
coEvery { paymentService.charge(any()) } returns PaymentResult.Declined
Then("it should throw PaymentException") {
shouldThrow<PaymentException> {
service.placeOrder(request)
}
}
}
}
})
import io.kotest.matchers.shouldBe
import io.kotest.matchers.shouldNotBe
import io.kotest.matchers.string.*
import io.kotest.matchers.collections.*
import io.kotest.matchers.nulls.*
// Eşitlik
result shouldBe expected
result shouldNotBe unexpected
// String'ler
name shouldStartWith "Al"
name shouldEndWith "ice"
name shouldContain "lic"
name shouldMatch Regex("[A-Z][a-z]+")
name.shouldBeBlank()
// Koleksiyonlar
list shouldContain "item"
list shouldHaveSize 3
list.shouldBeSorted()
list.shouldContainAll("a", "b", "c")
list.shouldBeEmpty()
// Null'lar
result.shouldNotBeNull()
result.shouldBeNull()
// Tipler
result.shouldBeInstanceOf<User>()
// Sayılar
count shouldBeGreaterThan 0
price shouldBeInRange 1.0..100.0
// Exception'lar
shouldThrow<IllegalArgumentException> {
validateAge(-1)
}.message shouldBe "Age must be positive"
shouldNotThrow<Exception> {
validateAge(25)
}
class UserServiceTest : FunSpec({
val repository = mockk<UserRepository>()
val logger = mockk<Logger>(relaxed = true) // Relaxed: varsayılanları döndürür
val service = UserService(repository, logger)
beforeTest {
clearMocks(repository, logger)
}
test("findUser delegates to repository") {
val expected = User(id = "1", name = "Alice")
every { repository.findById("1") } returns expected
val result = service.findUser("1")
result shouldBe expected
verify(exactly = 1) { repository.findById("1") }
}
test("findUser returns null for unknown id") {
every { repository.findById(any()) } returns null
val result = service.findUser("unknown")
result.shouldBeNull()
}
})
class AsyncUserServiceTest : FunSpec({
val repository = mockk<UserRepository>()
val service = UserService(repository)
test("getUser suspending function") {
coEvery { repository.findById("1") } returns User(id = "1", name = "Alice")
val result = service.getUser("1")
result.name shouldBe "Alice"
coVerify { repository.findById("1") }
}
test("getUser with delay") {
coEvery { repository.findById("1") } coAnswers {
delay(100) // Async çalışmayı simüle et
User(id = "1", name = "Alice")
}
val result = service.getUser("1")
result.name shouldBe "Alice"
}
})
import kotlinx.coroutines.test.runTest
class CoroutineServiceTest : FunSpec({
test("concurrent fetches complete together") {
runTest {
val service = DataService(testScope = this)
val result = service.fetchAllData()
result.users.shouldNotBeEmpty()
result.products.shouldNotBeEmpty()
}
}
test("timeout after delay") {
runTest {
val service = SlowService()
shouldThrow<TimeoutCancellationException> {
withTimeout(100) {
service.slowOperation() // > 100ms sürer
}
}
}
}
})
import io.kotest.matchers.collections.shouldContainInOrder
import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.MutableSharedFlow
import kotlinx.coroutines.flow.toList
import kotlinx.coroutines.launch
import kotlinx.coroutines.test.advanceTimeBy
import kotlinx.coroutines.test.runTest
class FlowServiceTest : FunSpec({
test("observeUsers emits updates") {
runTest {
val service = UserFlowService()
val emissions = service.observeUsers()
.take(3)
.toList()
emissions shouldHaveSize 3
emissions.last().shouldNotBeEmpty()
}
}
test("searchUsers debounces input") {
runTest {
val service = SearchService()
val queries = MutableSharedFlow<String>()
val results = mutableListOf<List<User>>()
val job = launch {
service.searchUsers(queries).collect { results.add(it) }
}
queries.emit("a")
queries.emit("ab")
queries.emit("abc") // Sadece bu aramayı tetiklemeli
advanceTimeBy(500)
results shouldHaveSize 1
job.cancel()
}
}
})
import io.kotest.core.spec.style.FunSpec
import io.kotest.property.Arb
import io.kotest.property.arbitrary.*
import io.kotest.property.forAll
import io.kotest.property.checkAll
class PropertyTest : FunSpec({
test("string reverse is involutory") {
forAll<String> { s ->
s.reversed().reversed() == s
}
}
test("list sort is idempotent") {
forAll(Arb.list(Arb.int())) { list ->
list.sorted() == list.sorted().sorted()
}
}
test("serialization roundtrip preserves data") {
checkAll(Arb.bind(Arb.string(1..50), Arb.string(5..100)) { name, email ->
User(name = name, email = "[email protected]")
}) { user ->
val json = Json.encodeToString(user)
val decoded = Json.decodeFromString<User>(json)
decoded shouldBe user
}
}
})
// build.gradle.kts
plugins {
id("org.jetbrains.kotlinx.kover") version "0.9.7"
}
kover {
reports {
total {
html { onCheck = true }
xml { onCheck = true }
}
filters {
excludes {
classes("*.generated.*", "*.config.*")
}
}
verify {
rule {
minBound(80) // %80 coverage'ın altında build başarısız
}
}
}
}
# Testleri coverage ile çalıştır
./gradlew koverHtmlReport
# Coverage eşiklerini doğrula
./gradlew koverVerify
# CI için XML raporu
./gradlew koverXmlReport
# HTML raporunu görüntüle (OS'nize göre komutu kullanın)
# macOS: open build/reports/kover/html/index.html
# Linux: xdg-open build/reports/kover/html/index.html
# Windows: start build/reports/kover/html/index.html
| Kod Tipi | Hedef | |-----------|--------| | Kritik business mantığı | %100 | | Public API'ler | %90+ | | Genel kod | %80+ | | Generated / config kodu | Hariç tut |
class ApiRoutesTest : FunSpec({
test("GET /users returns list") {
testApplication {
application {
configureRouting()
configureSerialization()
}
val response = client.get("/users")
response.status shouldBe HttpStatusCode.OK
val users = response.body<List<UserResponse>>()
users.shouldNotBeEmpty()
}
}
test("POST /users creates user") {
testApplication {
application {
configureRouting()
configureSerialization()
}
val response = client.post("/users") {
contentType(ContentType.Application.Json)
setBody(CreateUserRequest("Alice", "[email protected]"))
}
response.status shouldBe HttpStatusCode.Created
}
}
})
# Tüm testleri çalıştır
./gradlew test
# Belirli test class'ını çalıştır
./gradlew test --tests "com.example.UserServiceTest"
# Belirli testi çalıştır
./gradlew test --tests "com.example.UserServiceTest.getUser returns user when found"
# Verbose çıktı ile çalıştır
./gradlew test --info
# Coverage ile çalıştır
./gradlew koverHtmlReport
# Detekt çalıştır (statik analiz)
./gradlew detekt
# Ktlint çalıştır (formatlama kontrolü)
./gradlew ktlintCheck
# Sürekli test
./gradlew test --continuous
YAPILMASI GEREKENLER:
coEvery/coVerify'ını kullanrunTest kullandata class test fixture'ları kullanYAPILMAMASI GEREKENLER:
Thread.sleep() kullanma (advanceTimeBy kullan)# GitHub Actions örneği
test:
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@v4
- uses: actions/setup-java@v4
with:
distribution: 'temurin'
java-version: '21'
- name: Run tests with coverage
run: ./gradlew test koverXmlReport
- name: Verify coverage
run: ./gradlew koverVerify
- name: Upload coverage
uses: codecov/codecov-action@v5
with:
files: build/reports/kover/report.xml
token: ${{ secrets.CODECOV_TOKEN }}
Hatırla: Testler dokümantasyondur. Kotlin kodunuzun nasıl kullanılması gerektiğini gösterirler. Testleri okunabilir yapmak için Kotest'in açıklayıcı matcher'larını ve bağımlılıkları temiz mock'lamak için MockK kullanın.
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