i18n/de/skills/paper-making/SKILL.md
Papier aus Pflanzenfasern von Hand herstellen — Fasergewinnung, Pulpenherstellung, Blattbildung mit Schoepfrahmen und Deckel, Pressen und Trocknen. Umfasst Faserquellen (Baumwolle, Kozo, Abaca, Recyclingpapier), Schlagmethoden, Leimung und dekorative Techniken. Verwenden beim Herstellen von handgeschoepftem Papier fuer Kunst, Briefpapier oder Buchbinderei, beim Erstellen von einzigartig texturiertem oder mit Einlagen versehenem Papier fuer besondere Projekte oder beim Erlernen traditioneller Papierherstellung als Handwerkspraxis.
npx skillsauth add pjt222/agent-almanac paper-makingInstall this skill globally with one command. Works with Claude Code, Cursor, and Windsurf.
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Papier aus Pflanzenfasern mit traditioneller Schoepfrahmen-und-Deckel-Technik von Hand herstellen.
Verschiedene Faserquellen erfordern unterschiedliche Vorbereitung.
Fibre Sources and Preparation:
RECYCLED PAPER (easiest — start here):
1. Tear paper into 1-inch squares (avoid glossy or heavily printed paper)
2. Soak in water for 2-4 hours (overnight is better)
3. Blend in small batches: handful of soaked paper + 2 cups water
4. Blend until smooth with no visible paper chunks (30-60 seconds)
COTTON LINTERS (archival quality):
1. Tear cotton linter sheets into small pieces
2. Soak overnight in warm water
3. Blend to desired consistency:
- Short blend (15s) = textured, chunky paper
- Long blend (60s) = smooth, fine paper
KOZO (Japanese paper — strong, translucent):
1. Strip bark from kozo (paper mulberry) branches
2. Soak in water, then cook in alkaline solution
(wood ash lye or soda ash) for 2-3 hours until soft
3. Rinse thoroughly to remove alkali
4. Beat by hand with a wooden mallet on a flat stone
until fibres separate (do not blend — hand beating
preserves long fibres that give kozo its strength)
PLANT STALKS (experimental — iris, daylily, corn husk):
1. Harvest fibrous stalks after growing season
2. Ret (soak) for 1-2 weeks to soften
3. Cook in alkaline solution for 2-3 hours
4. Rinse and beat by hand
5. Results vary — experiment with fibre length and beating time
Erwartet: Eine Aufschlaemmung aus vorbereiteter Faser (Pulpe) mit der Konsistenz von duennem Haferbrei.
Bei Fehler: Wenn die Pulpe zu klumpig ist, laenger mixen. Wenn zu duenn und waessrig, mehr Faser hinzufuegen. Die Konsistenz sollte die Rueckseite eines Loeffels leicht bedecken.
Die Blattbildungsstation einrichten.
Vat Setup:
1. Fill a vat (plastic tub, basin) with water — deep enough to
fully submerge the mould (at least 4 inches of water)
2. Add prepared pulp to the vat
3. Stir thoroughly — fibres must be evenly suspended, not clumped
4. Pulp-to-water ratio: approximately 1 part pulp to 10-20 parts water
- More pulp = thicker paper
- Less pulp = thinner, more translucent paper
5. Stir before EVERY sheet — fibres settle quickly
Test: dip your hand in the vat. The water should be milky/cloudy
with evenly suspended fibres. If you can see clumps, stir more.
Erwartet: Eine Buette mit gleichmaessig suspendierter Pulpe, bereit zur Blattbildung.
Bei Fehler: Wenn Fasern trotz Ruehren verklumpen, sind die Fasern moeglicherweise zu lang. Kurz mixen, um die Fasern zu kuerzen, dann erneut suspendieren.
Die Schoepfrahmen-und-Deckel-Technik ist das Herzstueck der Papierherstellung.
Sheet Forming Protocol:
THE TOOLS:
- Mould: a flat frame with a fine screen (window screen or brass mesh)
- Deckle: a second frame that sits on top of the mould (acts as an edge)
- Together they create a shallow tray that holds the pulp
FORMING:
1. Stir the vat thoroughly
2. Hold the mould screen-side up with the deckle on top, gripping both
3. Dip the mould+deckle into the vat at an angle (far edge first)
4. Level the mould underwater, then lift straight up in one smooth motion
5. As the mould clears the water, shake gently side-to-side and
front-to-back (2-3 shakes each direction) — this interlocks the fibres
6. Hold level and let water drain through the screen (30-60 seconds)
7. Remove the deckle carefully — lift straight up so water does not
drip onto the formed sheet
THE SHAKE:
- The side-to-side and front-to-back shakes are critical
- They interlock fibres in both directions, creating strength
- Without shaking, the sheet tears easily in one direction
- Practice on scrap pulp — the shake is the skill that takes longest to learn
THICKNESS CONTROL:
- Thin paper: less pulp in the vat, faster pull-through
- Thick paper: more pulp, slower pull-through
- Even thickness comes from pulling the mould through the vat
smoothly and leveling before lifting
Erwartet: Ein nasses Papierblatt, das gleichmaessig auf dem Schoepfrahmensieb liegt, mit konsistenter Dicke und ohne duenne Stellen oder Loecher.
Bei Fehler: Wenn das Blatt duenne Stellen hat, war der Schoepfrahmen beim Anheben nicht waagerecht. Wenn das Blatt auf einer Seite dicker ist, war der Schoepfrahmen beim Abtropfen geneigt. Die Hebebewegung ueben: gleichmaessig, waagerecht und zuversichtlich.
Das nasse Blatt uebertragen und Wasser entfernen.
COUCHING (transferring the sheet):
1. Place a damp felt or blanket on a flat surface
2. In one smooth motion, flip the mould face-down onto the felt
3. Press the back of the screen gently with a sponge to release the sheet
4. Lift the mould straight up — the sheet should stay on the felt
5. Place another damp felt on top of the sheet
6. Repeat: form sheet → couch onto felt → cover with felt → form next sheet
Couching stack: felt / sheet / felt / sheet / felt / sheet / felt
PRESSING:
1. Place the couching stack between pressing boards
2. Apply even pressure:
- Screw press (ideal)
- Weight (heavy books, concrete blocks — 20+ kg)
- Stand on it (place boards on floor, step on carefully)
3. Press for 15-30 minutes — water should squeeze out from the sides
4. Replace wet felts with dry ones and press again for best results
DRYING:
Option A — Air dry on boards:
1. Carefully peel each sheet from its felt
2. Place on a smooth board (glass, formica, or MDF)
3. Smooth gently with a damp sponge to remove wrinkles
4. Sheets will dry flat against the board (12-24 hours)
5. Peel gently when dry — edges release first
Option B — Hang dry:
1. Peel sheets from felts and hang on a clothesline with clips
2. Faster drying but produces a wavy, textured surface
3. Suitable for art paper where texture is desired
Option C — Iron dry (fast):
1. Place damp sheet between clean cotton cloths
2. Iron on medium heat until dry (5-10 minutes)
3. Produces a smooth, flat sheet quickly
Erwartet: Fertige Boegen handgeschoepftes Papier — trocken, flach (bei Bretttrocknung), mit Buettenraendern und sichtbarer Faserstruktur.
Bei Fehler: Wenn Boegen beim Gautschen reissen, wurde der Schoepfrahmen angehoben, bevor genug Wasser abgetropft war. Den Schoepfrahmen laenger abtropfen lassen, bevor er umgedreht wird. Wenn Boegen beim Trocknen knittern, wurden sie nicht fest genug gepresst oder die Trocknungsflaeche war nicht glatt.
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