i18n/de/skills/mineral-identification/SKILL.md
Feldbestimmung von Mineralen und Erzen anhand von Haerte, Strichfarbe, Glanz, Spaltbarkeit, Kristallhabitus und einfachen chemischen Tests. Umfasst das systematische Ausschlussverfahren, Mohs-Skala-Anwendung und gaengige Erzindikatoren fuer Edelmetalle, Edelsteine und Industrieminerale. Verwenden beim Antreffen eines unbekannten Gesteins- oder Mineralexemplars, beim Prospektieren und Bewerten, ob ein Standort wertvolle Mineralindikatoren zeigt, beim Unterscheiden von erzfuehrendem Gestein von taubem Gestein im Feld oder beim Aufbau geologischer Kompetenz durch systematische Beobachtung.
npx skillsauth add pjt222/agent-almanac mineral-identificationInstall this skill globally with one command. Works with Claude Code, Cursor, and Windsurf.
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Minerale im Feld anhand physikalischer Eigenschaften, systematischem Ausschlussverfahren und einfachen Feldtests identifizieren.
Vor dem Anfassen das Exemplar im Kontext beobachten.
Field Context:
+--------------------+------------------------------------------+
| Observation | Record |
+--------------------+------------------------------------------+
| Host rock | What type of rock is it in/on? |
| | (granite, basite, sandstone, schist...) |
+--------------------+------------------------------------------+
| Geological setting | Vein, disseminated, massive, placer, |
| | weathering surface, cave deposit |
+--------------------+------------------------------------------+
| Associated | What other minerals are nearby? |
| minerals | (quartz veins often host gold; iron |
| | staining suggests oxidation zone) |
+--------------------+------------------------------------------+
| Crystal form | Visible crystals? Habit? Size? |
| (if visible) | (cubic, prismatic, tabular, massive) |
+--------------------+------------------------------------------+
Erwartet: Feldkontext vor dem Anfassen des Exemplars erfasst.
Bei Fehler: Wenn der geologische Kontext unklar ist (loses Exemplar, staedtischer Fund), nur mit physikalischen Eigenschaften fortfahren — der Kontext haette geholfen, Kandidaten einzugrenzen, ist aber nicht zwingend erforderlich.
Die diagnostischen Tests systematisch anwenden.
Diagnostic Property Tests:
LUSTER (how it reflects light):
- Metallic: reflects like metal (pyrite, galena, gold)
- Vitreous: glassy (quartz, feldspar)
- Pearly: like a pearl (muscovite, talc surfaces)
- Silky: like silk fibers (asbestos, satin spar gypsum)
- Earthy/dull: no reflection (kaolin, limonite)
- Adamantine: brilliant, diamond-like (diamond, zircon)
HARDNESS (Mohs scale — scratch test):
+------+-----------+----------------------------------+
| Mohs | Reference | Can Be Scratched By |
+------+-----------+----------------------------------+
| 1 | Talc | Fingernail |
| 2 | Gypsum | Fingernail (barely) |
| 3 | Calcite | Copper coin |
| 4 | Fluorite | Steel nail (easily) |
| 5 | Apatite | Steel nail (just) |
| 6 | Feldspar | Steel nail cannot scratch |
| 7 | Quartz | Scratches glass |
| 8 | Topaz | Scratches quartz |
| 9 | Corundum | Scratches topaz |
| 10 | Diamond | Scratches everything |
+------+-----------+----------------------------------+
Test: try to scratch the specimen with each reference tool,
starting from soft to hard. The hardness is between the tool
that fails and the tool that succeeds.
STREAK (powder colour on porcelain):
- Drag the specimen firmly across an unglazed porcelain tile
- Record the colour of the powder line
- Streak colour is often different from specimen colour
- Critical: hematite is grey-black but streaks RED
- Critical: pyrite is gold but streaks BLACK
- Minerals harder than the streak plate (~7) will not leave a streak
CLEAVAGE AND FRACTURE:
- Cleavage: breaks along flat planes (mica: 1 direction, feldspar: 2)
- Fracture: breaks irregularly (conchoidal = curved like glass, uneven, fibrous)
- Note number of cleavage directions and angles between them
SPECIFIC GRAVITY (heft test):
- Hold the specimen and assess: does it feel heavier or lighter
than expected for its size?
- Heavy: possible metallic ore (galena, gold, magnetite)
- Light: possible pumice, sulfur, or organic material
Erwartet: Ein Profil des Exemplars: Glanz, Haertebereich, Strichfarbe, Spaltbarkeits-/Bruchtyp und relative Dichte.
Bei Fehler: Wenn eine Eigenschaft mehrdeutig ist (z.B. Glanz zwischen metallisch und glasig — „halbmetallisch"), beide Optionen erfassen. Mehrdeutigkeit verringert die Konfidenz, verhindert aber nicht die Bestimmung.
Zusaetzliche Tests fuer bestimmte Mineralgruppen.
Special Field Tests:
MAGNETISM:
- Hold a magnet near the specimen
- Strong attraction: magnetite (or possibly pyrrhotite)
- Weak attraction: some iron-bearing minerals
ACID TEST (10% HCl):
- Drop acid on the specimen surface
- Vigorous fizzing: calcite (CaCO3)
- Fizzing on powder only: dolomite (scratch surface first, then apply acid)
- No fizzing: not a carbonate
TASTE (only for suspected halite):
- Salty taste: halite (NaCl)
- Do NOT taste unknown minerals generally — some are toxic
SMELL:
- Sulfur: rotten egg smell (sulfides when scratched)
- Clay: earthy "petrichor" smell when breathed on (clay minerals)
TENACITY:
- Brittle: shatters when struck (most silicates)
- Malleable: deforms without breaking (gold, copper, silver)
- Flexible: bends and stays (chlorite, some micas)
- Elastic: bends and springs back (muscovite mica)
Erwartet: Zusaetzliche diagnostische Daten, die die Bestimmung weiter eingrenzen.
Bei Fehler: Wenn Spezialtests nicht verfuegbar sind (kein Magnet, keine Saeure), mit den grundlegenden Eigenschaften fortfahren — sie genuegen fuer die meisten gaengigen Minerale.
Das Eigenschaftsprofil mit bekannten Mineralen abgleichen.
Common Mineral Identification Key (simplified):
METALLIC LUSTER:
- Black streak + hard (6+) + cubic crystals = PYRITE
- Black streak + soft (2.5) + heavy + cubic = GALENA
- Red-brown streak + hard (5-6) + heavy = HEMATITE
- Yellow streak + soft (1.5-2.5) + yellow = GOLD (if malleable)
or CHALCOPYRITE (if brittle, harder, green-black streak)
- Black streak + magnetic = MAGNETITE
NON-METALLIC, LIGHT-COLORED:
- Vitreous + hard (7) + conchoidal fracture = QUARTZ
- Vitreous + hard (6) + 2 cleavage planes = FELDSPAR
- Vitreous + soft (3) + fizzes in acid = CALCITE
- Pearly + very soft (1) + greasy feel = TALC
- Vitreous + soft (2) + 1 perfect cleavage = GYPSUM
NON-METALLIC, DARK-COLORED:
- Vitreous + hard (5-6) + 2 cleavage at ~90 degrees = PYROXENE
- Vitreous + hard (5-6) + 2 cleavage at ~60/120 degrees = AMPHIBOLE
- Vitreous + soft (2.5-3) + 1 perfect cleavage + flexible = BIOTITE (mica)
Erwartet: Eine Mineralbestimmung oder eine Auswahlliste von 2-3 Kandidaten mit dem zur Unterscheidung notwendigen Test.
Bei Fehler: Wenn das Exemplar keinem gaengigen Mineral entspricht, kann es sich um ein Gestein (Mineralgemenge) statt um ein einzelnes Mineral handeln, oder es erfordert moeglicherweise Laboranalyse (Duennschliff, XRD).
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