i18n/de/skills/conduct-post-mortem/SKILL.md
Eine schuldfreie Post-Mortem-Analyse nach einem Incident durchfuehren. Timeline- Rekonstruktion aufbauen, beitragende Faktoren identifizieren und handlungsorientierte Verbesserungen generieren. Auf systemische Probleme statt auf individuelle Schuld fokussieren. Verwenden, nach einem Produktionsincident oder einer Service-Degradierung, nach einem Beinaheunfall, bei der Untersuchung wiederkehrender Probleme oder um systemische Erkenntnisse teamuebergreifend zu teilen.
npx skillsauth add pjt222/agent-almanac conduct-post-mortemInstall this skill globally with one command. Works with Claude Code, Cursor, and Windsurf.
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Ein schuldfreies Post-Mortem leiten, um aus Incidents zu lernen und die Systemresilienz zu verbessern.
Alle Artefakte aus dem Incident erfassen:
# Export relevant logs (adjust timerange)
kubectl logs deployment/api-service \
--since-time="2025-02-09T10:00:00Z" \
--until-time="2025-02-09T11:30:00Z" > incident-logs.txt
# Export Prometheus metrics snapshot
curl -G 'http://prometheus:9090/api/v1/query_range' \
--data-urlencode 'query=rate(http_requests_total{job="api"}[5m])' \
--data-urlencode 'start=2025-02-09T10:00:00Z' \
--data-urlencode 'end=2025-02-09T11:30:00Z' \
--data-urlencode 'step=15s' > metrics.json
# Export alert history
amtool alert query --within=2h alertname="HighErrorRate" --output json > alerts.json
Erwartet: Logs, Metriken und Alerts, die die vollstaendige Incident-Timeline abdecken.
Bei Fehler: Wenn Daten unvollstaendig sind, Luecken im Bericht vermerken. Laengere Aufbewahrungsfrist fuer das naechste Mal einrichten.
Chronologische Rekonstruktion erstellen:
## Timeline (all times UTC)
| Time | Event | Source | Actor |
|----------|-------|--------|-------|
| 10:05:23 | First 5xx errors appear | nginx access logs | - |
| 10:06:45 | High error rate alert fires | Prometheus | - |
| 10:08:12 | On-call engineer paged | PagerDuty | System |
| 10:12:00 | Engineer acknowledges alert | PagerDuty | @alice |
| 10:15:30 | Database connection pool exhausted | app logs | - |
| 10:18:45 | Database queries identified as slow | pganalyze | @alice |
| 10:22:10 | Cache layer deployed as mitigation | kubectl | @alice |
| 10:35:00 | Error rate returns to normal | Prometheus | - |
| 10:40:00 | Incident marked resolved | PagerDuty | @alice |
Erwartet: Eine klare, minuetliche Abfolge, die zeigt, was wann geschah.
Bei Fehler: Zeitstempel-Unstimmigkeiten. Sicherstellen, dass alle Systeme NTP verwenden und in UTC protokollieren.
Die Fuenf Warums oder Fischgraeten-Analyse verwenden:
## Contributing Factors
### Immediate Cause
- Database connection pool exhausted (max 20 connections)
- Query introduced in v2.3.0 deployment lacked index
### Contributing Factors
1. **Monitoring Gap**: Connection pool utilization not monitored
2. **Testing Gap**: Load testing didn't include new query pattern
3. **Runbook Gap**: No documented procedure for DB connection issues
4. **Capacity Planning**: Pool size unchanged despite 3x traffic growth
### Systemic Issues
- No pre-deployment query plan review
- Database alerts only fire on total failure, not degradation
Erwartet: Mehrere Kausalitaetsschichten identifiziert, ohne Schuld zuzuweisen.
Bei Fehler: Wenn die Analyse bei "Ein Mitarbeiter hat einen Fehler gemacht" stoppt, tiefer graben. Was hat diesen Fehler ermoeglicht?
Konkrete, nachverfolgbare Verbesserungen erstellen:
## Action Items
| ID | Action | Owner | Deadline | Priority |
|----|--------|-------|----------|----------|
| AI-001 | Add connection pool metrics to Grafana | @bob | 2025-02-16 | High |
| AI-002 | Create runbook: DB connection saturation | @alice | 2025-02-20 | High |
| AI-003 | Add DB query plan check to CI/CD | @charlie | 2025-03-01 | Medium |
| AI-004 | Review and adjust connection pool size | @dan | 2025-02-14 | High |
| AI-005 | Implement DB slow query alerts (<100ms) | @bob | 2025-02-23 | Medium |
| AI-006 | Add load testing for new query patterns | @charlie | 2025-03-15 | Low |
Erwartet: Jede Massnahme hat einen Eigentuemer, eine Deadline und ein klares Ergebnis.
Bei Fehler: Vage Massnahmen wie "Tests verbessern" werden nicht erledigt. Konkret formulieren.
Diese Template-Struktur verwenden:
# Post-Mortem: API Service Degradation (2025-02-09)
**Date**: 2025-02-09
**Duration**: 1h 35min (10:05 - 11:40 UTC)
**Severity**: P1 (Critical service degraded)
**Authors**: @alice, @bob
**Reviewed**: 2025-02-10
## Summary
The API service experienced elevated error rates (40% of requests) due to
database connection pool exhaustion. Service was restored by deploying a
cache layer. No data loss occurred.
## Impact
- 40,000 failed requests over 1.5 hours
- 2,000 customers affected
- Revenue impact: ~$5,000 (estimated)
## Root Cause
Query introduced in v2.3.0 deployment performed a full table scan due to
missing index. Under increased load, this saturated the connection pool.
[... timeline, contributing factors, action items as above ...]
## What Went Well
- Alert fired within 90 seconds of first errors
- Mitigation deployed quickly (10 minutes from page to fix)
- Communication to customers was clear and timely
## Lessons Learned
- Database monitoring is insufficient; need connection-level metrics
- Load testing must cover new query patterns, not just volume
- Connection pool sizing hasn't kept pace with traffic growth
## Prevention
See Action Items above.
Erwartet: Bericht wird innerhalb von 48 Stunden nach dem Incident an Team und Stakeholder verteilt.
Bei Fehler: Wenn Berichtsverzoegerungen 1 Woche ueberschreiten, werden Erkenntnisse altbacken. Post-Mortems priorisieren.
Fortschritt der Massnahmen verfolgen:
# Create GitHub issues from action items
gh issue create --title "AI-001: Add connection pool metrics" \
--body "From post-mortem PM-2025-02-09. Owner: @bob. Deadline: 2025-02-16" \
--label "post-mortem,observability" \
--assignee bob
# Set up recurring reminder
# Add to team calendar: Weekly review of open post-mortem items
Erwartet: Massnahmen werden in einem Projektmanagement-Tool verfolgt und woechentlich ueberprueft.
Bei Fehler: Wenn Massnahmen liegen bleiben, werden Incidents wiederkehren. Fuehrungssponsor fuer hochpriorisierte Punkte benennen.
write-incident-runbook - Runbooks erstellen, die waehrend Incidents referenziert werdenconfigure-alerting-rules - Alerts basierend auf Post-Mortem-Erkenntnissen verbesserntesting
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