skills/cognitive-design/SKILL.md
Grounds visual design decisions in cognitive psychology principles — perception, attention, memory, Gestalt grouping, and visual encoding hierarchy — explaining WHY certain designs work. Covers interfaces, data visualizations, educational content, and presentations. Invoke when user mentions cognitive load, visual hierarchy, working memory, preattentive processing, Gestalt principles, encoding hierarchy, or cognitive design pyramid. For design evaluation, use `design-evaluation-audit`. For fallacy prevention, use `cognitive-fallacies-guard`. For data storytelling, use `visual-storytelling-design`.
npx skillsauth add lyndonkl/claude cognitive-designInstall this skill globally with one command. Works with Claude Code, Cursor, and Windsurf.
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This skill provides the cognitive science foundations for effective design — the perception, attention, memory, and decision-making principles that explain WHY certain designs work. It helps ground design decisions in research (Tufte, Norman, Ware, Cleveland & McGill, Mayer), apply systematic frameworks (Cognitive Design Pyramid, Design Feedback Loop, Three-Layer Model), choose appropriate visual encodings, and manage attention, memory limits, and cognitive load.
Related skills: design-evaluation-audit for systematic reviews, cognitive-fallacies-guard for detecting misleads, visual-storytelling-design for data journalism, information-architecture for content organization, d3-visualization for D3.js implementation.
Use when: Creating a new interface, dashboard, visualization, or educational content from scratch
Time: 1-2 hours
Copy this checklist and track your progress:
Cognitive Design Progress:
- [ ] Step 1: Orient to cognitive principles
- [ ] Step 2: Structure design thinking with frameworks
- [ ] Step 3: Apply domain-specific guidance
- [ ] Step 4: Validate against quick reference
Step 1: Orient to cognitive principles
Start with Cognitive Foundations for deep understanding of WHY designs work (perception, memory, Gestalt principles) OR use Quick Reference for rapid orientation (20 core principles, decision rules). Foundations give you theoretical grounding; Quick Reference gets you started faster.
Step 2: Structure design thinking with frameworks
Use Design Frameworks to apply systematic approaches: Cognitive Design Pyramid (4-tier quality assessment), Design Feedback Loop (interaction cycles), and Three-Layer Visualization Model (data communication fidelity). These provide repeatable structure for design decisions.
Step 3: Apply domain-specific guidance
Choose your domain: Data Visualization for charts/dashboards, UX Product Design for interfaces/apps, or Educational Design for e-learning/training. Apply tailored cognitive principles for your specific context.
Step 4: Validate against quick reference
Use Quick Reference to verify your design against the 3-question check (Attention? Memory? Clarity?) and 20 core principles. Confirm your design passes basic cognitive alignment.
Next steps: Use design-evaluation-audit skill for systematic evaluation, cognitive-fallacies-guard to check for misleads.
Use when: Need rapid go/no-go decision, spot-checking changes, or validating against cognitive basics during active design work
Time: 5-10 minutes
Copy this checklist and track your progress:
Quick Validation Progress:
- [ ] Step 1: Three-question rapid check
- [ ] Step 2: Spot checks if issues found
Step 1: Three-question rapid check
Use Quick Reference and apply: (1) Attention - "Is it obvious what to look at first?" (visual hierarchy clear, primary elements salient, predictable scanning), (2) Memory - "Is user required to remember anything that could be shown?" (state visible, options presented, fits 4±1 chunks), (3) Clarity - "Can someone unfamiliar understand in 5 seconds?" (purpose graspable, no unnecessary decoration, familiar terminology). If all YES → likely cognitively sound.
Step 2: Spot checks if issues found
If any question fails, consult the relevant cognitive foundation: Failed attention? Check hierarchy and visual salience in Cognitive Foundations. Failed memory? Check chunking and memory constraints. Failed clarity? Check simplicity principles and labeling guidance.
Choose your path based on current need:
Choose this when: You want to learn the core cognitive psychology principles underlying effective design (attention, memory, perception, Gestalt grouping, visual encoding hierarchy).
What you'll get: Deep understanding of WHY certain designs work, grounded in research.
Time: 20-40 minutes
→ Go to Cognitive Foundations resource
Choose this when: You want systematic frameworks to structure your design thinking.
What you'll get: Three complementary frameworks:
Time: 30-45 minutes
→ Go to Frameworks resource
Choose this when: You're working on a specific type of design and want tailored cognitive principles.
Choose your domain:
→ Go to Data Visualization resource
Covers: Chart selection via task-encoding alignment, dashboard hierarchy and grouping, progressive disclosure for exploration, narrative data visualization
→ Go to UX Product Design resource
Covers: Learnability via familiar patterns, task flow efficiency, cognitive load management, onboarding design, error handling
→ Go to Educational Design resource
Covers: Multimedia learning principles, dual coding, worked examples, retrieval practice, segmenting, coherence principle
Choose this when: You need rapid design guidance, core principles summary, or quick validation checks.
What you'll get: 20 core principles, 3-question check, common decision rules, design heuristics
Time: 5-15 minutes
→ Go to Quick Reference resource
Choose this when: You want to understand the research traditions and key authors behind cognitive design principles.
What you'll get: Key researchers (Tufte, Norman, Ware, Cleveland & McGill, Mayer, Nielsen), their contributions, and when to cite them.
Time: 10-20 minutes
→ Go to Source Landscape resource
Choose this when: You've completed your design work or gathered the information you need.
Before you exit:
design-evaluation-audit skillcognitive-fallacies-guard skillvisual-storytelling-design skill| Skill | Use For |
|---|---|
| design-evaluation-audit | Systematic design reviews using cognitive checklists and visualization audits |
| cognitive-fallacies-guard | Detecting chartjunk, misleading axes, cognitive biases, data integrity violations |
| visual-storytelling-design | Data journalism, presentations, infographics, narrative visualization |
| information-architecture | Content organization, navigation design, taxonomy, findability |
| d3-visualization | Implementing interactive data visualizations with D3.js |
testing
Cluster a conference's event records into a small set of coarse themes with finer sub-clusters, an explicit outlier bucket, and soft (multi-membership) affinities — using the hybrid embed-then-label pipeline (embed abstracts, reduce, density-cluster, then LLM-label the clusters) when embedding libraries are available, and an LLM-reasoned hierarchical fallback when they are not. Embeddings do the grouping; the LLM only names the groups. Conference-agnostic. Use when turning structured event records into a navigable theme map for preference elicitation and scheduling, when you need 6-8 reasonable themes rather than 20 muddy ones, or when overlapping talks must belong to more than one theme. Trigger keywords - theme clustering, cluster talks, embed then label, soft membership, outlier talks, conference themes, topic map.
development
Build a personal conference schedule as a constraint-optimization problem — hard constraints (no time overlap, room-to-room travel time, capacity/registration, the attendee's own must-attends and blackouts) plus a user-owned weighted objective trading interest against breadth, pacing (maximize contiguous free time), and serendipity. Surfaces unbreakable conflicts (two high-value overlapping talks the model cannot rank) as decisions for the human rather than silently picking, and reports what each choice traded away. Conference-agnostic. Use to turn a preference profile plus a theme map into a day-by-day plan, to resolve overlapping sessions, or to balance a packed vs paced schedule. Trigger keywords - schedule optimization, conference schedule, constraint optimization, overlapping talks, contiguous free time, conflict surfacing, packed vs paced.
development
Parse a heterogeneous conference program (markdown, HTML, PDF-derived text, or JSON) into normalized event records with per-field confidence scores and independent classification axes (topic, depth, format, prerequisites, recorded, capacity). Detects the program's format before extracting, treats every inferred field as uncertain (present vs inferred vs missing), and flags thin or missing abstracts so downstream enrichment can target them. Conference-agnostic. Use when ingesting a conference or event schedule into a structured store, normalizing a talk/session list, or extracting per-session metadata with calibrated confidence. Trigger keywords - program ingestion, parse schedule, session extraction, event records, conference program, talk metadata, per-field confidence.
development
Build a personalized preference profile from a small number of well-chosen, cluster-grounded questions instead of a long survey. Represents the person's interests as an uncertainty region over the theme map, picks the single highest-information-gain choice-based question (contrasting real talks from different clusters), balances exploiting known interests against exploring uncertain ones, deliberately injects outlier probes to fight selection bias, and stops as soon as the schedule would be stable. Also elicits the user-owned objective weights and hard constraints. Interactive — runs where it can actually ask the person. Conference-agnostic. Use to turn a theme map into a preference profile, to decide what to ask a conference attendee, or to elicit scheduling priorities. Trigger keywords - preference elicitation, ask few questions, information gain, choice-based questions, selection bias probe, objective weights, attendee preferences.