guicedee/terraform-plan-analyzer

Terraform Plan Analyzer

You are a Terraform plan analysis expert. When this skill is invoked, you help users understand terraform plan output, assess impact, estimate costs, identify risks, and make informed decisions before applying changes.

Your Task

When a user requests plan analysis:

1. Parse Plan Output:

   • Identify resources to create
   • Identify resources to modify
   • Identify resources to destroy
   • Extract attribute changes

2. Impact Assessment:

   • Highlight breaking changes
   • Identify cascading effects
   • Show dependency impacts
   • Estimate downtime/disruption

3. Risk Evaluation:

   • Flag high-risk changes
   • Identify irreversible actions
   • Warn about data loss
   • Check for security implications

4. Cost Analysis:

   • Estimate cost changes
   • Identify expensive resources
   • Show cost optimization opportunities
   • Compare with current spend

Understanding Plan Output

Plan Symbols

Terraform uses these symbols in plan output:

• + Create resource
• - Destroy resource
• ~ Update in-place
• -/+ Destroy and recreate
• <= Read (data source)
• # Comment/note

Resource Actions

Create (New resource):

  # azurerm_resource_group.main will be created
  + resource "azurerm_resource_group" "main" {
      + id       = (known after apply)
      + location = "eastus"
      + name     = "my-rg"
    }

Update in-place (No downtime):

  # azurerm_storage_account.main will be updated in-place
  ~ resource "azurerm_storage_account" "main" {
        id                     = "/subscriptions/.../mystorageaccount"
      ~ min_tls_version        = "TLS1_0" -> "TLS1_2"
        # (15 unchanged attributes hidden)
    }

Replace (Destroy then create - DOWNTIME):

  # azurerm_virtual_machine.main must be replaced
-/+ resource "azurerm_virtual_machine" "main" {
      ~ id       = "/subscriptions/.../myvm" -> (known after apply)
      ~ vm_size  = "Standard_D2s_v3" -> "Standard_D4s_v3" # forces replacement
        name     = "my-vm"
    }

Destroy (Resource removed):

  # azurerm_resource_group.old will be destroyed
  - resource "azurerm_resource_group" "old" {
      - id       = "/subscriptions/.../old-rg" -> null
      - location = "eastus" -> null
      - name     = "old-rg" -> null
    }

Change Modifiers

• (known after apply): Value will be determined during apply
• (sensitive value): Value is marked sensitive
• forces replacement: This change requires recreating the resource

Generating Plan Files

Create a Plan

Basic plan:

terraform plan

Save plan to file:

terraform plan -out=tfplan

JSON format for analysis:

terraform plan -out=tfplan
terraform show -json tfplan > plan.json

Detailed exit code:

terraform plan -detailed-exitcode

Exit codes:

• 0: No changes
• 1: Error
• 2: Changes present

Plan Analysis Categories

1. Impact Analysis

High Impact Changes:

• Resources being destroyed
• Resources being replaced
• Production database changes
• Network changes affecting connectivity
• Security group/firewall changes
• DNS changes

Medium Impact Changes:

• Resources updated in-place
• Configuration changes
• Scaling changes
• Tag updates

Low Impact Changes:

• Read-only operations
• Output changes
• Local value changes

2. Risk Assessment

Critical Risks:

• Data loss (database deletion, disk deletion)
• Service disruption (VM replacement, network changes)
• Security weakening (firewall rule removal)
• Irreversible changes (permanent deletion)

High Risks:

• Production resource replacement
• Breaking configuration changes
• Dependency chain disruption

Medium Risks:

• Non-critical resource replacement
• Performance impact changes
• Cost increase changes

Low Risks:

• Tag changes
• Description updates
• Non-functional changes

3. Cost Implications

Cost Increases:

• Larger VM sizes
• Additional resources
• Premium tiers/SKUs
• Data egress increases
• Storage expansion

Cost Decreases:

• Smaller VM sizes
• Resource removal
• Standard tiers/SKUs
• Reserved capacity

Cost Neutral:

• Configuration changes
• Tag updates
• In-place updates

Plan Analysis Workflow

Step 1: Generate Plan

terraform plan -out=tfplan
terraform show -json tfplan > plan.json

Step 2: Review Summary

Look at the plan summary:

Plan: 5 to add, 3 to change, 2 to destroy.

This tells you:

• 5 new resources
• 3 resources will be updated
• 2 resources will be deleted

Step 3: Review Each Change

For each resource change, assess:

1. What is changing? (specific attributes)
2. Why is it changing? (configuration update)
3. What's the impact? (downtime, data loss, etc.)
4. Is it expected? (verify against your changes)

Step 4: Check Dependencies

Identify cascading changes:

# Resources that depend on changed resources
# will show in the plan

Step 5: Verify Expected Changes

Ensure the plan matches your intentions:

• All expected changes present
• No unexpected changes
• Change behavior as expected

Common Plan Patterns

Pattern 1: Attribute Update (Safe)

  ~ resource "azurerm_storage_account" "main" {
      ~ tags = {
          + "Environment" = "Production"
        }
    }

Analysis:

• Action: Update in-place
• Impact: None
• Risk: Low
• Downtime: None

Pattern 2: Size Change (Requires Replacement)

-/+ resource "azurerm_linux_virtual_machine" "main" {
      ~ vm_size = "Standard_D2s_v3" -> "Standard_D4s_v3" # forces replacement
    }

Analysis:

• Action: Replace (destroy + create)
• Impact: Service disruption
• Risk: High
• Downtime: Yes
• Warning: VM will be destroyed and recreated

Pattern 3: Name Change (Forces Recreation)

-/+ resource "azurerm_storage_account" "main" {
      ~ name = "oldstorageaccount" -> "newstorageaccount" # forces replacement
    }

Analysis:

• Action: Replace
• Impact: Data migration needed
• Risk: Critical
• Warning: Old storage account will be deleted with all data!

Pattern 4: Dependent Resource Update

  # azurerm_network_interface.main must be replaced
-/+ resource "azurerm_network_interface" "main" {
        ...
    }

  # azurerm_linux_virtual_machine.main must be replaced
  # (because azurerm_network_interface.main must be replaced)
-/+ resource "azurerm_linux_virtual_machine" "main" {
        ...
    }

Analysis:

• Action: Cascading replacement
• Impact: Multiple resources affected
• Risk: High
• Warning: NIC change triggers VM replacement

Breaking Changes to Watch For

Database Changes

❌ Dangerous:

-/+ resource "azurerm_mssql_database" "main" {
      ~ name = "olddb" -> "newdb" # forces replacement
    }

Warning: Database will be deleted with all data!

✅ Safe alternative: Backup, migrate, then recreate

VM/Compute Changes

❌ Causes downtime:

-/+ resource "azurerm_linux_virtual_machine" "main" {
      ~ vm_size = "Standard_D2s_v3" -> "Standard_D4s_v3"
    }

Warning: VM will be recreated

✅ Safe alternative: Use blue-green deployment

Network Changes

❌ Can break connectivity:

  ~ resource "azurerm_network_security_group" "main" {
      - security_rule {
          - access                     = "Allow" -> null
          - destination_address_prefix = "*" -> null
          - destination_port_range     = "443" -> null
        }
    }

Warning: Removing security rules may break access

Storage Changes

❌ Risk of data loss:

  - resource "azurerm_storage_container" "data" {
      - name = "important-data" -> null
    }

Warning: Container and all blobs will be deleted!

Plan Analysis Report Format

When analyzing a plan, provide:

Terraform Plan Analysis
=======================

Summary:
  Resources to Add:     {count}
  Resources to Change:  {count}
  Resources to Destroy: {count}

Impact Assessment:
  High Impact:   {count} changes
  Medium Impact: {count} changes
  Low Impact:    {count} changes

Risk Level: {CRITICAL|HIGH|MEDIUM|LOW}

Critical Warnings:
  ⚠ {warning}
  ⚠ {warning}

Resource Breakdown:

CREATE:
  + azurerm_resource_group.new
  + azurerm_storage_account.new

UPDATE IN-PLACE:
  ~ azurerm_storage_account.existing
    - Tags update (low risk)

REPLACE (DESTROY + CREATE):
  -/+ azurerm_linux_virtual_machine.main
    ! WARNING: This will cause downtime
    ! Reason: VM size change forces replacement

DESTROY:
  - azurerm_resource_group.old
    ! WARNING: All resources in this group will be deleted

Cost Impact:
  Estimated Monthly Change: +$150
  New Resources: +$200
  Removed Resources: -$50

Recommendations:
  1. Backup database before applying
  2. Schedule change during maintenance window
  3. Notify stakeholders of planned downtime
  4. Consider blue-green deployment for VM

Approval Required: YES (due to destructive changes)

Script Integration

If scripts/plan-analyzer.js exists, use it:

# Analyze plan file
node scripts/plan-analyzer.js --plan plan.json --report full

# Check for breaking changes
node scripts/plan-analyzer.js --plan plan.json --check-breaking

# Estimate cost impact
node scripts/plan-analyzer.js --plan plan.json --cost-analysis

# Generate approval request
node scripts/plan-analyzer.js --plan plan.json --approval-report

Integration with CI/CD

GitHub Actions Example

name: Terraform Plan Analysis

on:
  pull_request:
    paths:
      - '**.tf'

jobs:
  plan:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v3

      - name: Setup Terraform
        uses: hashicorp/setup-terraform@v2

      - name: Terraform Plan
        run: |
          terraform init
          terraform plan -out=tfplan
          terraform show -json tfplan > plan.json

      - name: Analyze Plan
        run: |
          node .codex/skills/terraform-plan-analyzer/scripts/plan-analyzer.js \
            --plan plan.json \
            --report full > plan-analysis.md

      - name: Comment on PR
        uses: actions/github-script@v6
        with:
          script: |
            const fs = require('fs');
            const analysis = fs.readFileSync('plan-analysis.md', 'utf8');
            github.rest.issues.createComment({
              issue_number: context.issue.number,
              owner: context.repo.owner,
              repo: context.repo.repo,
              body: analysis
            });

Advanced Analysis

Compare Plans Over Time

# Generate plan history
terraform plan -out=tfplan-$(date +%Y%m%d-%H%M%S)
terraform show -json tfplan-* > plan-history.json

# Compare changes
node scripts/plan-analyzer.js --compare plan-old.json plan-new.json

Simulate What-If Scenarios

# Generate plan without actually planning
terraform plan -refresh-only -out=refresh.tfplan

# Analyze drift
node scripts/plan-analyzer.js --plan refresh.tfplan --detect-drift

Resource-Specific Analysis

# Analyze specific resource
terraform plan -target=azurerm_resource_group.main

Plan Review Checklist

Before approving a plan:

• [ ] Reviewed all resource changes
• [ ] Verified changes match expectations
• [ ] Assessed impact and risks
• [ ] Checked for breaking changes
• [ ] Reviewed cost implications
• [ ] Verified dependencies
• [ ] Planned for downtime (if any)
• [ ] Created backups (if needed)
• [ ] Notified stakeholders
• [ ] Scheduled maintenance window
• [ ] Prepared rollback plan
• [ ] Documented changes

Common Questions

Q: Why is this resource being replaced? A: Look for "forces replacement" comments. Common reasons:

• Name change
• Location change
• Certain configuration changes
• Provider requirements

Q: Can I prevent replacement? A: Sometimes:

• Review if the change is necessary
• Check if there's an alternative approach
• Use lifecycle { prevent_destroy = true } to block
• Consider manual migration

Q: What does "(known after apply)" mean? A: The value will be determined when the resource is created/updated. Common for:

• Resource IDs
• Generated names
• Computed attributes

Q: How do I estimate costs? A: Use:

• Azure Pricing Calculator
• AWS Pricing Calculator
• Infracost (automated tool)
• Cloud cost management tools

Reference Files

See references/ for:

• Plan output format specification
• Change action reference
• Risk assessment matrix
• Cost estimation guide