growupanand/clerk-nextjs-patterns

Next.js Patterns

For basic setup, see setup/.

Impact Levels

• CRITICAL - Breaking bugs, security holes
• HIGH - Common mistakes
• MEDIUM - Optimization

References

| Reference | Impact | |-----------|--------| | references/server-vs-client.md | CRITICAL - await auth() vs hooks | | references/middleware-strategies.md | HIGH - Public-first vs protected-first | | references/server-actions.md | HIGH - Protect mutations | | references/api-routes.md | HIGH - 401 vs 403 | | references/caching-auth.md | MEDIUM - User-scoped caching |

Mental Model

Server vs Client = different auth APIs:

• Server: await auth() from @clerk/nextjs/server (async!)
• Client: useAuth() hook from @clerk/nextjs (sync)

Never mix them. Server Components use server imports, Client Components use hooks.

Minimal Pattern

// Server Component
import { auth } from '@clerk/nextjs/server'

export default async function Page() {
  const { userId } = await auth()  // MUST await!
  if (!userId) return <p>Not signed in</p>
  return <p>Hello {userId}</p>
}

Common Pitfalls

| Symptom | Cause | Fix | |---------|-------|-----| | undefined userId in Server Component | Missing await | await auth() not auth() | | Auth not working on API routes | Missing matcher | Add '/(api|trpc)(.*)' to middleware | | Cache returns wrong user's data | Missing userId in key | Include userId in unstable_cache key | | Mutations bypass auth | Unprotected Server Action | Check auth() at start of action | | Wrong HTTP error code | Confused 401/403 | 401 = not signed in, 403 = no permission |

See Also

• setup/
• managing-orgs/

Docs

Next.js SDK