brycewang-stanford/responsible-ai-guide

Responsible AI Guide

Overview

A comprehensive collection of resources for building trustworthy, fair, and ethical AI systems. Covers fairness metrics, bias detection and mitigation, explainability methods, privacy-preserving techniques, robustness testing, and governance frameworks. Essential reading for researchers working on AI safety, alignment, and deploying models in high-stakes domains.

Topic Taxonomy

Responsible AI
├── Fairness
│   ├── Bias detection (data, model, outcome)
│   ├── Fairness metrics (demographic parity, equalized odds)
│   ├── Bias mitigation (pre/in/post-processing)
│   └── Intersectional fairness
├── Explainability
│   ├── Feature attribution (SHAP, LIME, IG)
│   ├── Concept-based (TCAV, concept bottleneck)
│   ├── Counterfactual explanations
│   └── Mechanistic interpretability
├── Privacy
│   ├── Differential privacy
│   ├── Federated learning
│   ├── Membership inference attacks
│   └── Machine unlearning
├── Robustness
│   ├── Adversarial attacks/defenses
│   ├── Distribution shift
│   ├── Uncertainty quantification
│   └── Out-of-distribution detection
├── Safety & Alignment
│   ├── RLHF and preference learning
│   ├── Constitutional AI
│   ├── Red teaming
│   └── Guardrails and filters
└── Governance
    ├── Model cards
    ├── Datasheets for datasets
    ├── AI impact assessments
    └── Regulatory compliance (EU AI Act)

Key Tools

| Tool | Category | Purpose | |------|----------|---------| | Fairlearn | Fairness | Bias assessment + mitigation | | AI Fairness 360 | Fairness | IBM fairness toolkit | | SHAP | Explainability | Shapley value explanations | | Captum | Explainability | PyTorch interpretability | | Opacus | Privacy | Differential privacy for PyTorch | | ART | Robustness | Adversarial robustness toolbox | | Alibi | Explainability | ML model explanations |

Fairness Assessment

from fairlearn.metrics import MetricFrame
from sklearn.metrics import accuracy_score, recall_score

# Assess fairness across demographic groups
metrics = MetricFrame(
    metrics={
        "accuracy": accuracy_score,
        "recall": recall_score,
    },
    y_true=y_test,
    y_pred=y_pred,
    sensitive_features=demographics,
)

print("Overall:")
print(metrics.overall)
print("\nBy group:")
print(metrics.by_group)
print("\nDifference (max - min):")
print(metrics.difference())

Reading Roadmap

### Foundations
1. "Fairness and Machine Learning" (Barocas, Hardt, Narayanan)
2. "Datasheets for Datasets" (Gebru et al., 2021)
3. "Model Cards for Model Reporting" (Mitchell et al., 2019)

### Fairness
4. "On Fairness and Calibration" (Pleiss et al., 2017)
5. "Fairness Through Awareness" (Dwork et al., 2012)

### Explainability
6. "A Unified Approach to Interpreting Model Predictions" (SHAP)
7. "Why Should I Trust You?" (LIME, Ribeiro et al., 2016)

### Safety
8. "Constitutional AI" (Bai et al., 2022)
9. "Red Teaming Language Models" (Perez et al., 2022)
10. "Scaling Monosemanticity" (Anthropic, 2024)

Use Cases

1. Bias auditing: Check models for demographic biases
2. Compliance: EU AI Act and regulatory requirements
3. Model documentation: Model cards and impact assessments
4. Research ethics: Ethical considerations for AI research
5. Course material: Teach responsible AI principles

References

• AwesomeResponsibleAI
• Fairlearn
• EU AI Act